![]() ![]() Department of Justice, "former managers of PAE and RM Asia funneled subcontracts paid for by the government to companies owned by the former managers and their relatives by using confidential bid information to ensure that their companies would beat out other, honest competitors". Army contract for support in Afghanistan. The same year it, along with two sub-contractors, agreed to a $1.45 million out-of-court settlement with the United States over claims it had engaged in bid-rigging of a U.S. Īs of 2015, PAE was 57th in a list of the top 100 contractors of the United States government based on total value of contracts signed, receiving $1.04 billion in contract awards that year. Department of Energy, UK Ministry of Defence, National Science Foundation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. According to PAE, its clients – as of 2016 – included the United Nations, New Zealand Defence Force, U.S. PAE specializes in "expeditionary logistics" and " nation building" including construction and supply of basecamps for peacekeeping missions, airfield management and maintenance, foreign aid distribution, police training, and elections monitoring, and it has additional capabilities including technical support for weapons of mass destruction elimination, vessel and cargo tracking software, crime scene software, and weather forecasting. Ward speaks with PAE personnel staffing the galley at Camp Lemonnier, a U.S. In 2018, PAE acquired Macfadden & Associates (Macfadden), a leader in international disaster response operational support. Two years later, in 2017, it purchased FCi. In 2015 PAE acquired both A-T Solutions and the Global Security and Solutions unit of U.S. The company became publicly traded on the NASDAQ in February 2020. Lindsay Goldberg sold PAE to Platinum Equity in 2016. It was sold by Lockheed, in 2011, to Lindsay Goldberg for about $700 million. During Lockheed's ownership, PAE moved its headquarters from Los Angeles, California to Arlington, Virginia. PAE was acquired by Lockheed Martin in 2006 in what was reported, in a subsequent court filing, to be a cash transaction valued at approximately $1.2 billion. Shay – assumed control of the company as chairman and CEO. Following Shay's death in 1995, his son – Allen E. The program sold its shares back to Shay in 1988. ![]() Shay continued as chair, CEO, and sole shareholder of PAE until 1974 when 40 percent of the company was sold to an employee stock ownership program. PAE was founded in California in 1955 by Edward Shay, an American engineer who had worked in Japan during the occupation of Japan its earliest business deals involved property development in Japan. Other significant clients have included the United Nations, the UK Ministry of Defence, the New Zealand Defence Force, and the Central Intelligence Agency. PAE is a major supplier of services to the U.S. In February 2022 the company merged with Amentum Government Services Holdings LLC and its stock was delisted from Nasdaq. For a time after 2016 it was owned by Platinum Equity until it became listed on Nasdaq in 2018. Founded in 1955 by Edward Shay, it is headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. From exploring the latest trends & technologies to discussing the key challenges and opportunities facing our built environment today, this event is for anyone who wants to be at the forefront of design innovation.Pacific Architects and Engineers (commonly known as PAE, or PA&E) is an American defense and government services contractor. The AIA Conference on Architecture 2023 promises to be an incredible opportunity to connect with some of the brightest minds in architecture & the broader AEC industry. Mike will be joined by amazing speakers, including the Right Honourable Jacinda Ardern, former New Zealand Prime Minister, and Barbara Bouza, FAIA, president of Walt Disney Imagineering. ![]() Hear more about what's in store from Mike and Lakisha Ann Woods, EVP/Chief Executive Officer of The American Institute of Architects (AIA). He’ll share his experience with those attending A’23 in San Francisco. We’re excited to announce that Mike Chapman, America ByDesign's EP & presenter, will be the host of The American Institute of Architects (AIA) annual conference (A'23) in San Francisco, June 7-10! While filming the America ByDesign TV series, Mike showcased some of the most inspiring designs from across the country.
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![]() The cross-organ overlap, identity and function of BRCs has not been examined, leaving it unclear whether functionally analogous BRC subsets support circulating lymphocytes. Distinct SLOs share key BRC subsets such as follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), while subsets supporting memory B cells (MBCs) in the antigen-sampling zone 16 or plasma cells in the medulla 17 are not ubiquitous across SLOs. SLOs consist of lymph nodes (LNs), Peyer’s patches and splenic white pulp (WP), which differ in their anatomy, developmental origin and surveyed bodily fluids 13, 14, 15. As such, little is known about the functional overlap between BRC subsets or the signals sustaining BRC subset identity. In contrast to the elaborate experimental toolbox to assess B cell biology, means to study FRC immunobiology are scarce, leaving BRC function almost entirely inferred from B cell perturbation studies 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Within the B cell follicle (BF), Cxcl13-expressing B cell zone RCs (BRCs) steer B cell, antigen and leukocyte encounters thereby increasing germinal center (GC) efficiency 5. In the context of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) form immune-supportive niches that are sustained throughout the steady state and during adaptive immune cell priming 2, 3, 4. Tissue homeostasis is defined as the regulated state of a tissue where supportive cells form optimized microenvironments to fulfill a tissue’s primary functions 1. ![]() Our data reveal that a canonical set of immune cell-provided cues enforce bidirectional signaling programs that sustain functional BRC niches across lymphoid organs and species, thereby securing efficient humoral immunity. As well as BRC-produced niche factors, immune cell-driven BRC differentiation and activation programs governed the convergence of shared BRC subsets, overwriting tissue-specific gene signatures. In addition to the major BRC subsets underpinning the follicle, including follicular dendritic cells, PI16 + RCs were present across organs and species. Here we dissected the BRC landscape and immune cell interactome in human and murine lymphoid organs. However, a comprehensive understanding of systemic humoral immunity is hampered by the lack of knowledge of global BRC sustenance, function and major pathways controlling BRC–immune cell interactions. B cell zone reticular cells (BRCs) form stable microenvironments that direct efficient humoral immunity with B cell priming and memory maintenance being orchestrated across lymphoid organs. The Tramways Union sought to pressure drivers into taking the pro-company deal by telling them it was the best they would get, and that strike action would be useless. We told : if they try and remove anything from our contract, just tell them we’ll go on strike.” Despite having a clear mandate for industrial action, none has been called. “To even present to us that last package just blew my mind,” James said, “because drivers had been quite forceful in rejecting the previous one. I have no faith that they wouldn’t have kept all those part-time shifts and made all the full time shifts into 12-hour shifts. “There are no guarantees anywhere that they would create even one full-time shift. James pointed out that in the 1990s almost all bus drivers worked full-time, but now there are many part-timers. The rejected offer would have allowed NZ Bus to make a driver “work four hours and go on a break for four hours, and when they come back, do another four hours,” James said. It included “a clause that said an eight-hour shift could be worked over a 12-hour period,” instead of the current maximum of 11 hours. ![]() Successive companies that have operated Wellington buses since they were first privatised by the council in 1992 have wanted to get rid of the allowance.ĭrivers were particularly angry that the proposed deal would have lengthened the working day, which can already be very long. Many drivers have to travel considerable distances early in the morning. “I know that there are a number of drivers that rely quite heavily on that, and there’s no other way to get to work,” James said. ![]() The union also agreed with NZ Bus to end allowances for drivers to take taxis to work. Thanks to the GWRC’s wage subsidy, NZ Bus would save $2.50 an hour from its wages bill for weekend shifts: the company would only have to top up James’ Sunday wages by $17.90, instead of the current $20.40. Under the proposal, he would have lost 80 cents an hour on Sundays and 60 cents on Saturdays. “We had made a very clear statement to our union executive that the first thing we would never do was to give up any of our conditions, and the offer was a considerable reduction in our conditions.”ĭespite decades of experience, James still makes only $20.40 an hour. “I took one look at the offer… I honestly couldn’t believe that it was being presented to us,” he said. Instead, they were given selected highlights of the change. The union did not show workers the full proposed contract. The World Socialist Web Site recently spoke with a senior Wellington bus driver, who we will call James (not his real name), about why the union-backed offer was rejected. ![]() In every country, the main obstacle is the trade unions, which are working to suppress opposition to pro-corporate restructuring and austerity. In New Zealand, the Labour Party-led government’s wage freeze has led to a nationwide strike by healthcare workers. The stand taken by the drivers is part of a growing fightback by workers internationally. Taken as a whole, the deal would have essentially frozen wages, while the cost-of-living soars, especially housing costs. This would have reduced to $40 an hour on Sundays and $30 on Saturdays. Currently, drivers are paid double time on Sunday and time-and-a-half for Saturdays and overtime. The small increase was to be accompanied by cuts to overtime and weekend penalty rates. It would have increased wages to $22.10 per hour, funded not by NZ Bus, but by a subsidy from the Labour Party-led Greater Wellington Regional Council (GWRC), which contracts NZ Bus and other private companies to provide bus services. Only some details of the rejected offer were made public. Since then, the media and the union have remained silent, as union officials re-entered negotiations, keeping workers in the dark. It was the third offer rejected by the drivers, who are among the lowest-paid workers in New Zealand, many receiving the minimum wage of $20 an hour or less. On June 23, hundreds of NZ Bus drivers in Wellington voted to reject a sellout deal hatched between the company and the Tramways Union. “Essentially, claims are pretty frivolous and almost completely baseless.” Kinnes added that he “did not plan on making a single penny” from his work.ĪEG’s notice demands that Kinnes “remove and destroy all audio and video content of musical performances from the Festival,” with failure to do so leading to further legal action. “I’m just combining what’s already publicly available,” Kinnes told Variety. ![]() However, Brian Kinnes, a Los Angeles-based editor and filmmaker, continued to make his Ocean video live via different mediums - like Dropbox and Google Drive - resulting in AEG’s cease-and-desist, Variety reports. The upload in question - which edited together 150 different YouTube videos to recreate Ocean’s entire and controversial 80-minute set - was only online a short time on Tuesday before AEG demanded it taken down due to copyrights. ![]() Judging or analyzing these slogan tees can be helpful if they push the conversation forward, not if they sidetrack it.A filmmaker has been hit with a cease-and-desist notice from Coachella’s parent company AEG after uploading Frank Ocean’s chaotic headlining set at the festival composed of fan-shot videos. Political T-shirts are very often only spoken about as stolen property, or they can be called out as “lame,” an appellation, to be honest, that some deserve since they’re blatantly created to profit off of a trending topic. Prabal Gurung sent out models in slogan tees for his Fall 2017 finale lauded by fashion editors, they were scrutinized by the larger media pool for their similarities to the original “The Future Is Female” iteration. And the fact that Robinson wanted to print his words and promote them, even for a small profit-what’s so wrong with that? We can be quick to judge a T-shirt with a political or controversial statement on it: Dior’s Maria Grazia Chiuri received some flack for using Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s “We Should All Be Feminists” quote on her Spring 2017 show tees, which resembled those of another no-name line. This is where the focus should be, on a brave young kid who stood up for himself and for others like him. Get Frank Ocean setlists - view them, share them, discuss them with other Frank Ocean fans for free on setlist.fm. When it comes to Panorama, however, it feels like festival has studied the lessons of the past to create a fantastic live event with real staying power. Currently, it’s been retweeted from his page nearly 30,000 times. I don’t remember exactly why I tweeted it, but it was mainly out of sadness and agitation-bigotry spreads like wildfire and that’s the last thing we need, especially in our political climate.” As an openly gay teenager, Male was receiving a lot of discriminatory messages and out of general anger with people’s ignorance, he responded. A new music service with official albums, singles, videos, remixes, live performances and more for Android, iOS and desktop. Though Where She Goes is still primarily sung in Spanish, Bunny is venturing himself. But with Bad Bunny releasing a brand-new single, Ocean took the time to film a cameo for the song’s accompanying music video. I saw a lot of hate being spread on Twitter, targeted at marginalized people, but also specifically at me and my friends. We all know Frank Ocean as an incredibly elusive celebrity. As he explains, “Social media is one of the most influential platforms for young people and things can spread so easily. That’s why I reached out to Male to hear why he actually tweeted it back in 2015. But in this case, the sentiment behind the statement seems to have gotten lost in the noise. Policing copyright and intellectual property laws is always the right thing to do. This cycle of stories questioned whether or not Robinson violated copyright and intellectual property laws and whether or not these laws apply to social media sharing. The 18-year-old creator of the shirt, Kayla Robinson, cribbed the words from a 2015 tweet by 18-year-old Brandon Male. The shirt was printed with these words: “Why be racist, sexist, homophobic, or transphobic when you could just be quiet?” Not long after the pictures circulated, posts began appearing online: “Here’s Where You Can Cop Frank Ocean’s Anti-Discrimination Tee” or “Frank Ocean Wore the Rare Political T-Shirt That Doesn’t Suck.” Hot on the heels of those articles came the controversy surrounding the copyright issues of said slogan. One of the best recent Getty Images of Frank Ocean is a paparazzi shot of him. Concert Review J2:23 PM By Gabriela Tully Claymore. Frank Ocean hasn’t performed in six years, but the. Fans See Frank Ocean Like A UFO At Panorama 2017. It wasn’t just any T-shirt it was a politically charged T-shirt that nobody can stop talking about. Frank Ocean performs at the 2017 Panorama Music Festival on Randall's Island in New York. If you haven’t heard, Frank Ocean wore a T-shirt onstage over the weekend at Panorama Music Festival. ![]() Was in Tel Aviv on business and pleasure trip, meaning that the location on this hotel was very good! Close walk to bars and restaurants, the beach and to all the areas you want to explore! The room itself was nothing ordinary, a regular hotel room. We will certainly be back when we visit Israel again!! We didnt' take advantage of their free bikes to rent but I wish we would have! We didn't want to leave and it made the hotels on the rest of our trip pale in comparison. We walked to Carmel Market and the beach whiile there. They squeeze juice every morning and it was so good!! Almost everything we wanted to do in the 48 hours we were in Tel-Aviv was within walking distance. We paid for the breakfast for both days we were there and it was AMAZING! There is such a large selection of foods, many we have never tried before and loved. After dinner, we enjoyed a nice glass of complimenary wine on their patio before getting a long nights sleep. We were beyond exhausted after traveling from the US but everything felt so relaxed the moment we arrived. ![]() The person at the front desk gave us a nice recommendation for a cute little restaurant within walking distance that had amazing food. We stayed in a garden room which was absolutely charming and lovely. After doing extensive research on hotels in Tel-Aviv, I'm so happy I settled on The Vera! It is such a lovely hotel! The staff met us at the door with such a warm welcome, offering us a nice tea upon arrival. My husband and I stayed here for two nights before meeting up with a larger group. ![]() They can then transfer assets between the hardware wallet and the Exodus hot wallet. Trezor partnership: Trezor Model T and Trezor One users can pair their hardware wallets to Exodus.Annual percentage rates ( APR) range from 1.00% to 21.20% as of March 12, 2023, but can change at any time. Altcoin staking options include Algorand (ALGO), Cosmos (ATOM), Solana (SOL), VeChain (VET), Cardano (ADA), Tezos (XTZ), and Ontology (ONT). Staking: Exodus lets investors stake seven coins and earn rewards.It’s free to use, and investors control their private keys. Hot wallet: The Exodus digital wallet earns a top spot as a beginner-friendly Bitcoin wallet.This differs from Coinbase, where investors can trade via a web browser or a mobile app.Įxodus offers several features for investors, including: It’s app-based, so users must download a desktop or mobile app to use the exchange. The core function of Exodus is users swapping crypto via peer-to-peer trading. But you can directly purchase crypto using fiat currencies in the app. It doesn’t accept fiat currencies, such as USD cash deposits from a bank account. But the platforms offer different features that may sway users toward one exchange or the other.Įxodus is primarily a distributed exchange, but it does allow you to connect to a centralized exchange if you prefer that option. Coinbase: FeaturesĮxodus and Coinbase have hot wallets, incorporated cryptocurrency exchanges, and support staking. You can learn more about these product additions by reading our full Exodus review. Mobile: Android and iOS (both Coinbase and Coinbase Wallet) Desktop: Coinbase Wallet available as a Chrome extensionĮxodus now offers FTX integration, Exodus Bitcoin Lightning, and NFT integration. Mobile: Android and iOS Desktop: Windows, Mac, and Linux Limits vary based on your payment method, account level, and region P2P crypto-to-crypto trades, buy crypto, connect to exchanges Web-based hot wallet software and optional Coinbase hot wallet ![]() Hot software wallet and integrates with Trezor Model T and Trezor One Exodus takes many measures to secure the platform too.įDIC-insured USD balances up to $250,000, two-step verification, cold storage, bug bounty program, and insurance against theft Users are responsible for safely storing their crypto, as Exodus doesn’t hold funds or require personal information for accounts. Maker-taker exchange fees as high as 0.60% plus other fees calculated at transaction times We've also assessed the mobile applications and each exchange overall for ease of use and accessibility. We've reviewed both cryptocurrency exchanges by looking at supported currencies, platform features, fees, and security. The crypto platforms differ in their approach to fees and features. It supports peer-to-peer (P2P) trading in the form of a decentralized exchange, but it also connects you to a centralized exchange if you prefer to buy crypto there. Exodus offers more coins and control over assets.Įxodus gives you options. It remains an excellent choice for beginners or people who prefer a traditional brokerage experience. Coinbase monitors transactions and secures assets on your behalf. It's headquartered in San Francisco, but it considers itself to be a "remote first" company and 95% of its employees have had the option to work from home since 2021. Coinbase launched in 2012 and went public via a direct listing in April 2021 (Nasdaq: COIN).Ĭoinbase is a centralized exchange. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved its offering of Class A common stock in April 2021 (OTCBB: EXOD). Exodus was founded in 2015 with headquarters in Nebraska, and the U.S. Exodus and Coinbase are cryptocurrency exchanges that offer digital wallets, staking, and a variety of cryptocurrencies. ![]() “They say ‘Love is in the air’ – maybe that’s why there’s so much air pollution these days.” “There’s Norway I want to go without you.” “When travelling with someone, take large doses of patience and tolerance with your morning coffee.” – Helen Hayes. “ Imagine falling in love with someone then finding out they clap their hands when the plane lands.” “The only baggage in our relationship is trying to unpack after a vacation.” “It’s bad manners to make a vacation wait, so we left.” If you prefer a wittier approach to your Instagram captions, these funny couple travel quotes are the ones for you. ![]() It’s all the wild stuff that happens along the way.” – Emma Chase “ Because the greatest part of a road trip isn’t arriving at your destination. “ Happiness is only real when it’s shared.” – John Krakauer ![]() “ It’s not the destination, it’s the journey.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson “ As soon as I saw you, I knew you would be an adventure of a lifetime.” – Winnie the Pooh “ Travel brings power and love back to your life.” – Rumi “ What we find in a soulmate is not something wild to tame, but something wild to run with.” – Robert Brault “Travelling in the company of those we love is home in motion.” – Leigh Hunt. After all, adventure fell in love with lost.” – Mary Oliver “You’d be surprised who the love of your life turns out to be. “No road is long with good company” – Turkish Proverb “A couple who travel together, grow together.” – Ahmad Fuadi Others, find it in a person.” – Beau Taplin. Some of us travel the whole world to find it. “Home is not where you are from, it is where you belong. “I would not wish any companion in the world but you.” – William Shakespeare “To get the full value of joy, you must have someone to divide it with.” - Mark Twain “Never go on trips with anyone you do not love.” – Ernest Hemingway And here’s to me, whispering again and again and again and again: I love you.” – John Green At other times, it is allowing another to take yours.”- Vera Nazarian “Sometimes, reaching out and taking someone’s hand is the beginning of a journey. “In life, it’s not where you go, it’s who you travel with.”- Charles Schulz “I’ve fallen in love with adventures, so I begin to wonder, if that’s why I’ve fallen for you.” – E. Grin “To love and be loved is to feel the sun from both sides.”- David Viscott “I love you because the entire universe conspired to help me find you.” – Paulo Coelho “Actually, the best gift you could have given her was a lifetime of adventures.”– Lewis Carroll ![]() These poetic lines are ideal for easy Instagram captions! Next time you have a cute couple pic that you want to post, simply copy and paste one of these couple travel quotes into your Instagram caption!įirst up, I’ve compiled a list of the most famous couple travel quotes. This article is going to save you some serious time and effort. I’ve been on Instagram for over 9 years now, and it still takes me forever to write a caption. Have you got the perfect couple travel photo ready to post on Instagram, but don’t know what to caption it? Coming up with Instagram captions can be a seriously time-consuming process. I’ve compiled a list of the best couple travel quotes to make captioning your next Instagram photo a breeze! If you’re a travel couple looking for Instagram caption ideas, look no further. ![]() Pinocchio is a fantastic game of storytelling and encourages players to be verbal and communicate with each other clearly. The game ends after 3 Angel tokens are collected. If half (or more!) of the players guess correctly, then the storyteller has to stack a wooden block instead! If any blocks fall when they are being stacked, the player who causes this will get an Angel token. If a player is wrong, they must stack a wooden block onto the cardboard face of Pinocchio. He is sometimes fabricating a new lie to protect the first. In fact, he has made fabrication and exaggeration a key tool of his presidential campaign. ![]() The other players then guess whether the story is true or false by using the appropriate cards. He is the Pinocchio of the Republican party and in the US election campaign of ’16. All of humanity is lost in a once beautiful city that has now become. This player then decides whether the story they’re going to tell is the Truth or a Lie! The player goes on to tell this tale, and when finished, players can take it in turns or grab the Pinocchio doll in order to ask the storyteller a question about their story to try and catch them out, perhaps! 15 hours ago &0183 &32 Inspired by the familiar story of Pinocchio, Lies of P is an action Soulslike game set in a cruel, dark Belle Epoque world. The first player initially draws a subject card and selects a word or short phrase from a choice of four. How on earth do you fairly decide which player goes first and which player goes last? The creators of Pinocchio definitely got it right for this game the player with the longest nose is the starting player! One of the things I’ve always liked in games is how to determine who the first player is in a game. To set up the game, the Pinocchio doll is placed in the middle as this is what players need to pick up when they want to ask a question to a storyteller. The cardboard Pinocchio head is also placed in the middle along with all the wooden blocks which are used to build that nose of lies! Each player is given a Truth card and a Lie card. “Pinocchio: True or False is an enlightening and bonding storytelling game.” You’ll get a Pinocchio Doll, a cardboard Pinocchio head and 25 wooden blocks (with which you can build Pinocchio’s nose!) 80 Subject cards, 10 Truth and 10 Dare cards and 12 Angel tokens. In the box, you’ll get some great accessories that will help you to play the game. Can Pinocchio ever become a real boy and live happily ever after? In this game of storytelling and bluffing, you must convince your opponents that you are being truthful not as easy as it sounds! You’ll need a mighty poker face and some convincing tales, only if you lie, of course…This 30 minute game of True or False can be played by 4 to 10 players at age 8 and up. Everyone knows that if you lie, your nose gets longer, right? Pinocchio knows this full well he lies often and his nose gets longer every time he does so! The only way he can return to normal is to tell the truth. ![]() A firewall should be configured to allow these return connections through.ĭefault Ports used by Video Collaboration Devices: Webex will communicate to the destination port received when the client makes its connection. Operating System Specific Ephemeral Ports Firewalls should not manipulate the RTP being sent or received.) We recommend allowing UDP port 9000 whenever possible. Due to the nature of TCP and how lost delayed packets are retransmitted, it is not recommended to use TCP. If unable to establish a connection over UDP 9000, it will use TCP port 443. The Webex client will try to connect to a Multimedia server over UDP port 9000. If unable to connect, it will use TCP 443. Webex utilizes port 9000 for the Webex Events Audio Broadcast feature. Webex Client Media for Webex Events (Audio Streaming) Most DNS queries are made over UDP however, DNS queries may use TCP as well. In order to connect to Webex you must have a working DNS server. In some cases, port 80 will also be used before being redirected to a secure connection. The Webex Client makes the majority of its data transfers and loading using HTTPS over port 443. Webex website, Webex Desktop App/Productivity Tools, Webex Meetings for Android/iOS, Webex Web App In order to connect to Webex, you must have a working DNS server. Ports used by the Webex client for communication (both inbound and outbound traffic): ![]() If you are also leveraging Webex Teams (formerly Cisco Spark) in your environment, implement the settings from this article and the Webex Teams Network Requirements article. For those devices, please see the specific deployment guide for that device or technology in order to determine the exact ports to open. Some services like video collaboration, have on-premise components that can be configured to use non-standard port ranges. The chart below is provided to help you identify what ports you might need to open on your firewall. Depending on your existing firewall rules, an adjustment may be necessary to allow the standard RTP protocol.ĭepending on the services you are using in your particular deployment of Webex, you may connect to our services over a variety of different ports. UDP does not retransmit, and will provide a better video experience.įor more info on the low bandwidth error, see: WBX84420 - I Get a Low-Bandwidth Error when I Try to View Video from TelePresence UsersĪudio / Video packets use the standard RTP protocol. Using TCP in a near congested network will cause retransmissions, which in turn can create a choppy video or low bandwidth error experience. The connection is always initiated outbound from the Webex client to the Webex Server. Please ensure that UDP 9000 is open outbound and return traffic is allowed back inbound. If this port is closed, the connection will fail back to TCP. The client will perform a test to attempt connection on UDP 9000. Identical in all other respects to the double-headed arrow.ħ. Useful in discussions of radical chemistry mechanisms in particular. The single-headed (or “single-barbed”) arrow depicts the movement of a single electron. Deserving of a series of posts in itself.Ħ. Hugely important for following how mechanisms work. They start at the tail and end up at the head. The point of the curved, double-headed arrow is to show the movement of an electron pair. The curved arrow formalism is such an important tool that entire books have been devoted to it (for instance, I highly recommend checking out “ Arrow Pushing in Organic Chemistry” by Daniel Levy). Alternatively in a test situation it’s a way of visually depicting the question, “How would you do this?”ĥ. This is often used to show a speculative or theoretical transformation, where conditions might have yet to be discovered. Although it’s a separate discussion, it’s important to note that the molecule *does not* shuffle back and forth between these forms, but instead the “true picture” of the molecule is a combination or hybrid of these structures.Ĥ. That is to say they differ in the arrangements of their electrons and nothing else. Not to be confused with the equilibrium arrow, this double-headed arrow shows two (or more) species that are resonance structures of each other. To further highlight the position of an equilibrium, you may also occasionally see one of the arrows being longer than the other, showing that the equilibrium favors the starting materials or products.ģ. ![]() This shows a reaction that is reversible, usually in the context where the reversibility is being highlighted (such as in a reaction mechanism). These represent individual steps that could often be shown with individual arrows of their own, but they are placed in series here over the arrow to save space.Ģ. ![]() You’ll often see a sequence of reactions placed over the arrow and numbered “1), 2), 3), etc. There isn’t any hard and fast rule about what is supposed to go above or below the arrow, although reagents tend to go above and solvents tend to go below. That’s a pretty eventful day in the life of an alkene. Now, “BH3, then NaOH/H2O2” might not exactly seem like your idea of “action”, but put yourself in the alkene’s position – it’s double bond is being ripped asunder in order to form new bonds to boron and hydrogen, and then with the addition of H2O2, the bond to boron is replaced with one to oxygen. The purpose of this arrow is to show action. The forward arrow, otherwise known as the “reaction arrow”. To my knowledge there are 8 different types of arrows you meet in organic chemistry. |
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